Automatic valve for hydraulic machinery



. J. DAVIDSON. AumMAnc VALVE FOR HYDRAULIC (MACHINERY.

APPUCATON HLED AUG-8 I916 1,300,703, Patented Apr. 15, 1919.

I l T29 .lll

Wa l mm 9 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH DAVIDSON, 0E GREENVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO 9 .AMERICAN MACHINE &.MANUFACTURI CAROLINA.

NG COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NORTH To all whom it may concern .Be it known that I, JOSEPH DAVIDSON, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Greenville, county of Greenville, and State of South Carolina, have invented an Improvement in Automatic Valves for Hydraulic Machinery, of which the following is a specification.

The object of myinvention is to provide a simple and eflicient valve device, more especially adapted to hydraulic accumulator systems for automatically by-passing the water pressure whenever the accumulator is fully charged and for closingthe by-pass and forcing the water to enter the accumulator when the latter has discharged its water and requires a new charge.

My object is also to provide in a valve of the foregoing character in which the by-pass valve, when partially opened by the direct action of the accumulator, is further quicklyopened to the maximum degree by a counter-weight, so that the valve .device is sensitively responsive to provide instant relief from pump pressure upon the accumulator, the said counter-weight coiiperating with the water pressure upon the valve stem to effectively and rapidly provide a full opening into the by-pass.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists of certain features of construction and combinations of elements as more fullyset out in the following speoification and pointed out in the claim. Y

My invention will be better understood by reference to the drawings .in which Figure 1 is a side ,elevation of a hydraulic substantial guide for the stem 10 of the by pass valve. At its top it is provided with a accumulator having my improved automatic valve applied thereto; Fig.2 is a sectional elevation of an automatic valve embodying my invention; and Fig. 3 is an end view of the same on a small scale.

2 is the accumulator proper and may be made in any of the well known forms, such for example as a cylinder in which a plunger operates and supporting a weight box which may contain suitable weight, which with the proportion of the plunger area determines the pressure .per square inch available. I do not restrict myself in any manner to a particular construction of accumulator, except that it shall provide a reciprocating motion for an operative part to actuate my improved valve.

Water is supplied to the accumulator cyl- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 15, 1919.

Application filed August 8, 1916. Serial No. 113,701.

inder by a pipe 3, receiving its supply from the pipe 4 through the automatic valve 5. The hydraulic pump (not shown.) supplies water at any given pressure into the pipe 4:, and this pressure is transmitted to the accumulator.

The valve device proper is more fully shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and will now be described. A solid block of steel forms the body 5, and has a number of holes bored into it which intercommunicate to form the through passage 6 having an angular portion forming a check valve seat 7 and a by-passoutlet 9 by which the water may be by-passed back to the pump when the accu mulator. is fully charged. Thepipe 3 from the accumulator 2 communicates with one outlet of the passage 6, and the' pipe 4 from the pump communicates with the other outlet of the passage 6. 8 is a ball check valve seating uponthe seat 7, and is guidedin a recess in the bottom of a plug 20 screwed into an opening 20 above the check valve seat 7. A packing washer 20' insures a water-tight joint. This check valve retains the pressure of the accumulator when the by-pass valve 11 is open. The by-pass valve 11 seats upon a'seat 9 at the inner end of the by-pass outlet 9, and has a stem 10 of slightly smaller cross section, said stem extending up through a plug 13 which. is screwed into the top of the body 5 in alinement with the valve seat 9*. This plug clamps in position an annular leather packing 12 which surrounds the stem 10 and forms a water-tight joint. The plug 13 being of considerable height, forms a good yoke 14c pivoted to a lever 15,, and by which it is reciprocated. This lever 15 is fulcrunried at 17 in a yoke 16 having a shank screwed into the body to one side of the by-pass valve. I opening '18 through which the pin 17 extends, so that the said lever may have longitudinal play when being rocked. The lever '15 is extended beyond the fulcrum pi'n'17 The lever 15 has a slotted creased to compensate for any difference in.

their lo'wer ends, and th'eir'upper ends connected by a transverse guide block 24.

This "guide block 24 is providedwith a square hole in which is guided the lowerend portions 21 and 22 ofthe rod 23 which is reciprocated vertically bythe accumulator. The rod 23 may be round and screwed into the top of the part 22 to which is riveted a is lowered the top of the slot 21 (bottom of part 22) strikes the lever and depresses it to -lower and close the bypass valve 11. I The closing is gradual and the pressure of the wateracting u on the shouldered portion of'the head positively holds'the valve closed thereafter until forcibly lifted.- When the rod 23 is lifted, it will continue to rise until the bottom of the slot 21 lifts the lever 15 iust sufliciently to relieve the pressure which holds, the by-pass valve closed, and then the counterweight 19, assisted by the hydraulic pressure. beneath the valve 11, quickly forces thelever 15 upward to fully open the bypass, the movement of the'lever end being permitted by the slot 21 above it.

The rod 23 may be operatedin any suitable manner, and a convenient construction for this purpose is shown. In this case, the rod extends through the bracket 26 and has a collar 27 securedgto it below the bracket. and a second collar 28 at its upper end. A

spring 29.fits loosely around the rod and rests upon the bracket 26. The bracket is, secured to. the movable weight box of the.

accumulator 2, and in rising and falling operates upon the collars 27 and 28 alter nately, the downward movement being positive and the upward movement bein'g'made through the s ring 29. In this way, the closing of the y-pass valve is insured in a sloworgradual manner, but the opening movement is done in a rapid manner by the combined operation ofthe counterweight 19 and the force of the water in passage 6 act ing upon the valve 11 at the moment of lift ing it. Thespring 29,. lifted by the bracket 26, presses upon the underside of the collar 28 and transmits the force acting to lift the rod 23 until it overeomesthe resistance of the lever 15 and valve 11 to-movement, ar'ter which said lever isi-free to move in the slot 21and is oscillated rapidly by'the counterweight 19 as above stated. By adjusting the counterweight 19=upon the lever 15, its effective power may be increased or dehydraulic pressure which may be employed in-the passage 6, for it is manifest that, with a given difference in areas of thevalve piece 11 and its stem 10, any difl'erence in water pressure in the thoroughfare or passage 6 will require adifference in the effective power o'f'the counterweight through adjust ment of its leverage. 1

'I have described my improved automatic pressure regulator valve as applied to the control of accumulators, but I do not limit myself to such use as it may be employed in any other" manner as for example in the direct control of hydraulic machinery to limit the maximum pressure. to be applied with a continuously operating, pump; and while the. valve is especially intended for hydraulic, the fluids to be controlled may be of other natures, such as oil. v

I have described my invention in the form which I have found to be suitable for commercial use, and while I prefer the details of construction as shown, I do not restrict myself thereto as they may be modified without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having now described my invention, what I claim. as new and desire to secure by Letters; Patent, is

A pressure regulator valve, comprising a I body having a thoroughfare provided with inlet and outlet ports, a check valve between them,.a by-pass opening from the thoroughfare between the check valve and the inlet port, a by-pass valve controlling the bypass opening having a stem extending to the outside of the body, operating means for the by-pass valve consisting of a counterweighted lever'operatively connected with the stem of the bypass valve and with the body, and operating means for the lever permitting of free oscillation in a vertical direction under the action of the counterweight, said means characterized by having a vertically reciprocating rod provided with a slotted lower portion through which the end of the lever extends and in which it has a large free play in a vertical direction and a guiding means on the body close to the reciprocating slotted portion of the vertical reciprocating rod whereby the lever is guided in a vertical direction and held against lateral displacement, said guiding means also having at its upper part an overhanging guide through which the slotted .lower portion of the reciprocating rod is JOSEPH DAVIDSON. Witnesses:

W. LINDSAY WILSON, PAUL J. MAHONEY, Jr.

copies otthispatent may lie-obtained; for. five cents each by. addressingthe Commissioner of Patent.

Washington, D. 0 

